Krakovskyi S.
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5164-6272

Kurach T.
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5989-9431

Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

THE EVOLUTION OF VIEWS IN ATLAS CARTOGRAPHY: FROM PAPER ATLAS CONCEPT TO ATLAS PLATFORM

Abstract:

Modern atlas cartography has a number of unsolved problems, among which a special place is occupied by the renewal of the atlas concept and approaches to the atlas development and maintenance of atlases functioning. To study this problem, the article analyzes the evolution of the atlas concept in time and in the context of cartography paradigms. The key elements of the concept of the atlas in the “paper age” were format in the form of books with a certain fixed set of structural elements and a unified layout, atlas as a system of maps, atlas as a model of geosystem, atlas as a tool for storytelling, atlas as a tool for communication information and knowledge, atlas as a research tool. The greatest theoretical contribution to atlas cartography of the pre-computer age was given to G. Mercator and representatives of the model-cognitive paradigm of cartography. It is established that with the advent of electronic atlases in the late 1980s and atlas information systems in the 1990s, the generation of new atlas concepts is carried out in the field of geovisualization and communicative paradigm of cartography, which focused on high-quality visualization of maps (data sets) and communication of information in the form of a “story” or geoportal. It was found that in the late 2000s, atlases began to be transformed into complex information systems (atlas platforms) with a branched atlas infrastructure for multiple creation of atlases of the same type in technical implementation and concept. These innovations are primarily driven by cybercartographers, the Swiss school of cartography and the relational cartography.A number of problems of modern atlas concepts are indicated, including excessive focus on technology and users, as well as ignoring cognitive capabilities of atlases for geosystem research. Further conceptualization of atlases as models of geosystems and a unique class of cartographic information systems are named as priority areas of research.

Keywords: atlas cartography, atlas concept, paper atlas, electronic atlas, atlas platform, cartographic information system (CIS), paradigms in cartography.

Language:
Ukrainian

DOI: http://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2021.78-79.9

References:

Aditya, T. (2007). The national atlas as a metaphor for improved use of a national geospatial data infrastructure (Publication No. 146) [Doctoral dissertation, ITC, Enschede, The Netherlands]. Retrieved from: https://webapps.itc.utwente.nl/librarywww/papers_2007/phd/aditya.pdf

Andreessen, M. (2007, June 12). Analyzing the Facebook Platform, three weeks in [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/ web/20071002070223/http://blog.pmarca.com/2007/06/analyzing_the_f.html

Atlas of Switzerland. (n.d.). Atlas of Switzerland–online. Retrieved June 16, 2020, from https://atlasderschweiz.ch/downloads/

Bär, H. R., &Sieber, R. (1999, August). Towards high standard interactive atlases: the GIS and multimedia cartography approach [Paper presentation]. The 19th International Cartographic Conference, Ottawa, Canada.

Berlyant, A. M. (1986). Obrazprostranstva: karta i informaciya [Image of space: map and information]. Moskva: Mysl’ (in Russian).

Bogdanec, V. A., &Koval’chuk, I. P. (2014).Elektronniatlasy: mynule ta sohodennia [Electronic atlases: past and present].Chasopys kartohrafii, 11, 194–215. Retrieved from http://maptimes.inf.ua/CH_11/18.pdf (in Ukranian).

Borchert, A. (1999). Multimedia Atlas Concepts. In W. Cartwright, M. P. Peterson,&G. Gartner (Eds.), Multimedia Cartography (pp. 75-86). Ber- lin, Heidelberg: Springer.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-03784-3_7.

Buckley, A. (2003). Atlas mapping in the 21st century. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 30(2), 149–158. DOI: 10.1559/ 152304003100011117

Chabaniuk, V. (2018).Reliatsiina kartohrafiia: Teoriia ta praktyka [Rela- tional сartography: Theory and practice]. Kyiv: Institute of Geography of the NAS of Ukraine. Retrieved from https://igu.org.ua/sites/default/files/pdf- text/relational-сart.pdf (in Ukranian).

Favre, J. M. (2005,April 17–22). Megamodelling and etymology [Paper presentation]. Dagstuhl Seminar, Dagstuhl, Germany.

Freitag, U. (1991, July–August). Atlas Cartography [Paper presentation]. The Seminar on Basic Cartography, Bangkok, Thailand.

Geoclip.(n.d.). Achievements. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from https://www.geoclip.fr/realisations/?lang=en#demonstrations/

GenderATlas. (n.d.). genderATlas. Retrieved October 27, 2020, from http://genderatlas.at/#projektinfo

GenderATlasfür die Schule. (n.d.).genderATlasfür die Schule. Retrieved October 27, 2020, from http://genderatlas.at/schule/

Hayes, A., Pulsifer, P. L., &Fiset, J. P. (2014). The Nunaliit cybercartographic atlas framework. In D. F. Taylor (Ed.), Developments in the theory and practice of cybercartography: Applications and Indigenous mapping (Vol. 5, pp. 129–140). Amsterdam: Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0- 444-62713-1.00009-X

Hurni, L. (2008). Multimedia Atlas Information Systems. In S. Shekhar, &H. Xiong (Eds.), Encyclopedia of GIS (pp. 759–763). Boston: Springer. DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_847

Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland. (n.d.). Hydrological Atlas of Switzer- land.Retrieved October 3, 2020, from https://hydrologicalatlas.ch

ICA Commission on Atlases. (2019, July). Atlas Cookbook. https://atlas.icaci.org/awards-and-publications/atlas-cookbook/

Keller, C. P. (1995). Visualizing digital atlas information products and the user perspective. Cartographic Perspectives, 20, 21–28. DOI: 10.14714/ CP20.891

Köbben, B., & Graham, M. (2009, June 2–5). Maps and mash-ups: the national atlas and Google Earth in a geodata infrastructure [Paper presentation]. The 12th Agile international conference, Hannover, Germany.

Kraak, M. J., &Ormeling, F. J. (2010). Cartography: Visualization of spatial data (3rd ed.). Harlow: Guilford Publications.

Lechthaler, M. (2009). Interactive and Multimedia Atlas Information Systems as a Cartographic Geo-Communication Platform. In G. Gartner, &F. Ortag (Eds.), Cartography in Central and Eastern Europe (pp. 383– 402).Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03294-3_24

MacEachren, A. M., Crawford, S., Akella, M., &Lengerich, G. (2008). Design and implementation of a model, web-based, GIS-enabled cancer atlas. The Cartographic Journal, 45(4), 246–260. DOI: 10.1179/ 174327708×347755

Makarenko, A.A., & Zagrebin, G. I. (2018). Atlasnoe kartografirovanie: uchebnoe posobie [Atlas Mapping: A Tutorial]. Moskva: MIIGAiK. Retrieved from http://www.miigaik.ru/upload/iblock/bde/bde6ed4a2f3826749ef034af480d8123.pdf (in Russian).

Monmonier, M. S., Collier, P., Cook, K. S., Kimerling, A. J., & Morri- son, J. L. (Eds.). (2015). The History of Cartography, Volume 6: Cartography in the Twentieth Century.Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Nunaliit Atlas Framework. (n.d.) Nunaliit Atlas Framework.Retrieved Oc- tober 9, 2020, from http://nunaliit.org

Ormeling, F. (1995, September 3–9). Atlas information systems [Paper presentation]. The 17th International Cartographic Conference, Barcelona, Spain.

Ormeling, F. (1996). Functionality of electronic school atlases [Paper presentation]. Seminar on Electronic Atlases II, Prague, Czech.

Ormeling, F. (1997). Atlas Terminology and Atlas Concept [Paper presentation]. The International Workshoop/Seminar, Bandung,Indonesia.

Ormeling, F. J. (1979). The purpose and use of national atlases. Cartographica: The international journal for geographic information and geovisualization, 16(1), 11–23. DOI: 10.3138/223g-0732-0825-2528

ÖROK Atlas Online. (n.d.).ÖROK Atlas Online.Retrieved August 31, 2020, from https://www.oerok-atlas.at

Özerdem, E., Gartner, G., &Ortag, F. (2013, August 25–30). Evaluating the suitability of Web 2.0 technologies for online atlas access interfaces [Pa- per presentation]. The 26th International Cartographic Conference, Dresden, Germany.

Pucher, A. (2015). Online cartographic atlas products: learning from the past. In J. Brus, A. Vondrakova, & V. Vozenilek (Eds.), Modern Trends in Car- tography (pp. 57–66). Cham: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-07926-4_5.

Ramos, C. S., & Cartwright, W. (2006). Atlases from Paper to Digital Medium. InE. Stefanakis, & M. P. Peterson (Eds.), Geographic Hypermedia (pp.97–119). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-34238-0_6

Reyes, M. D. C. (2005). Cybercartography from a modeling perspective. InD. F. Taylor (Ed.), Cybercartography: Theory and practice (pp.63–99). Amsterdam: Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/s1363-0814(05)80007-3

Rystedt, B. (1995). Current trends in electronic atlas production. Carto- graphic Perspectives, 20, 5–11. DOI: 10.14714/cp20.889

Salichtchev, K. A. (Ed.). (1960). Nacional’nye atlasy. Istoriya, analiz, putisovershenstvovaniyaiunifikacii [National atlases. History, analysis, ways of improvement and unification]. Moskva: MGU (in Russian).

Salichtchev, K. A. (Ed.). (1976). Kompleksnye regional’nye atlasy [Com- plex regional atlases]. Moskva: MGU (in Russian).

Salichtchev, K. A. (1990). Kartovedeniye: uchebnik po spetsial’nosti “Kartografiya” [Kartovedeniye: a textbook on the specialty “Cartography”]. Moskva: MGU (in Russian).

Shulei, Z., &Yufen, C. (2004, June 7–9). The principles of designing CIS-cartographic information system [Paper presentation]. The 12th Interna- tional Conference on Geoinformatics, Gävle, Sweden.

Sieber, R., Hollenstein, L., Odden, B., &Hurni, L. (2011, July 3– 8). From classic atlas design to collaborative platforms–The SwissAtlasPlatform Project [Paper presentation]. The 25th International Cartographic Conference, Paris, France.

Sieber, R., &Losang, E. (2020, September 21–25). Current Challenges in Atlas Cartography [Abstract presentation]. Central European Cartographic Conference and 68th German Cartography Congress, Vienna, Austria.

Siekierska, E. M., & Taylor, D. R. F. (1991). Electronic mapping and electronic atlases: new cartographic products for the information era-the electronic atlas of Canada. CISM journal, 45(1), 11–21. DOI:10.1139/geomat-1991-0002

Svatkova, T. G. (2002). Atlasnaya kartografiya: uchebnoe posobie [Atlas Cartography: A Tutorial]. Moskva: Aspekt Press (in Russian).

Taylor, D. R. F. (2003). The concept of cybercartography. In M. P. Petersen (Ed.), Maps and the Internet (pp. 405–420). Amsterdam: Elsevier. DOI: 10.1016/b978-008044201-3/50028-1

Tikunov, V. S. (2004). Atlasnyye informatsionnyye sistemy dlya prinyatiya resheniy [Atlas Information Systems for Decision Making]. In

S. Tikunov (Ed.), Osnovy geoinformatiki: uchebnoe posobie dlya studen- tov vuzov [Fundamentals of Geoinformatics: A Tutorial for University Stu- dents] (pp. 285–304). Moskva: Akademiya (in Russian).

Vozenilek, V. (2019, July 15–20). Atlases and Systems Theory within Systematic Cartography [Abstract presentation]. The 29th International Cartographic Conference, Tokyo, Japan.

Wolodtschenko, A. S. (2006). Atlasnaya kartosemiotika [Atlas cartosemiotics]. Dresden,Selbstverlag (in Russian).

Wood, D. (1987). Pleasure in the idea/The atlas as narrative form. Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geo- visualization, 24(1), 24–46. DOI: 10.3138/3163-659q-j502-w858

Download (.pdf)

Suggested citation:

Krakovskyi S., Kurach T. 2021. The evolution of views in atlas cartography: from paper atlas concept to atlas platform. Visnyk Kyivskogo nacionalnogo universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka, Geografiya [Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Geography], 1/2 (78/79), 60-68 (in Ukranian, abstr. in  English), DOI: 10.17721/1728-2721.2021.78-79.9

Received Editorial Board 04.03.2020
Accepted for publication  26.05.2021