URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF KHARKOV: RETROSPECTIVE OF URBAN PLANNING POLICY

Koroma N.

Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

 Abstract:
City research should always begin, regardless of its type, size and role, with the study of the history of the urban environment. A period, the history of the city and its inhabitants together create the unique prerequisites for its development.

Urban development research of Kharkiv (the main urban development tendencies, specific to transformation processes of the urban environment) was conducted by studying its urban development policy. Using retrospective analysis of appropriate planning documentation of the city, allowed us to formulate a strategic vision of Kharkov, since 40th years of the twentieth century to the present, to identify calls generated there for further possibilities of constructing an optimal model of modernization of the urban area.

For several centuries Kharkiv experienced many specific functional and structural transformation of urban space, reaching those limits in which it is today and the role that performs across Ukraine. Kharkiv is an example of a typical industrial city of Ukraine. Therefore, the strategic vision of Kharkiv accordance with planning documentation has always been dictated by its strategic function – industrial.

The main task that the planners tried to solve in the 1960’s and at the beginning of the 21st century is described in the documents as “unloading”. If then it meant only the transfer of industrial objects beyond the city, which in turn would have had an impact on the principle of population settlement (its partial outflow in the suburbs), at the beginning of the 20th century, planning decisions laying down in the General Plan of Kharkiv for 2004-2026 were guided such goals as expansion of the boundaries of the city in order to attract significant territorial resources of the suburban zone, creation of sustainable development system of highways, observance of the dynamic equilibrium in the environment.

The retrospective of urban planning policy helped to formulate a new strategic vision for the development of Kharkiv through three main axes, around which the city itself should turn its activities: the axis of development and prospects in the context of expanding its international functions, the axis of comfort of living (modernization of space); the axis of contemplation (leisure and creativity).

Keywords:
Kharkiv, urban development, retrospective analysis, urban planning policy, planning documentation.

Language:
Ukrainian

DOI: http://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2017.68.15

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Suggested citation:
Koroma N. (2017) Urban development strategy of Kharkov : retrospective of urban planning policy. Visnyk Kyivskogo nacionalnogo universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka GEOGRAFIYA [Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Geography], 3-4 (68-69), 79-87 (in Ukrainian, abstr. in English).