Вісник Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка

ГЕОГРАФІЯ

Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

GEOGRAPHY

REGULARITIES OF DEGREE OF SOIL SECONDARY ALKALINITY OF ANTHROPOGENIC NATURAL-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS SOUTHERN UKRAINE

1 Lozovitskii P., 2 Molochko A.

1 CGO by B. Sreznevsksiy, Kyiv, Ukraine
2 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

Abstract:
For the first time on the basis of summarizing and mathematical modeling of the results of long years of research of changes in the content of exchange bases of irrigated soils, conducted by the author and other researchers in the irrigation systems of the south of Ukraine, empirical relationship of the upper horizon alkanization of automorphic irrigated land, depending on the mineralization and composition of irrigation water and the duration of irrigation was established and formula for predicting the extent of their alkanization according to both sodium and magnesium was suggested. The obtained summarized results studies indicate that irrigation water with mineralization up to 0.5 g/dm3 does not cause sodium alkalinity of irrigated soil for 40 years, 1.0 – 30, 1.5 – 15, 2.0 g/dm3 – for 5 years. Irrigation water with mineralization 0.5 g/dm3 causes weak alkalinity of the soil with large amounts of calcium at sodium after 45 years of irrigation; with a salinity of 1 – 35; 1.5 g/dm3 – 15; 2 g/dm3 – 7; with a salinity of 3 g/dm3 and more – already in the first year of irrigation. Average degree of sodium alkalinity of irrigated soil with large amounts of calcium comes in irrigation of water with mineralization 1.5 g/dm3 50 years; 2.0 g/dm3 – 40; 3.0 g/dm3 – 20; 4.0 g/dm3 – 5; with mineralization 5.0 g/dm3 and more – in the first year of irrigation. The heavy degree of sodium alkalinity highly irrigated soil with large amounts of calcium comes in irrigation of water with mineralization 3.0 g/dm3 after 53 years of irrigation; 4.0 – 37; 5.0 – 22; 6.0 – 12; with mineralization 7.0 g/dm3 and more – in the first year of irrigation. Sodium solonetz on irrigated land is formed under irrigation of irrigation water over g/dm3 after 55 years of irrigation; 6.0 – 40; with mineralization 7.0 g/dm3 – after 20 years of irrigation are. The higher the content of absorbed magnesium in the soil before the irrigation, higher salinity of irrigation water and longer term of irrigation, more quickly irrigated soils are solonetzed for magnesium are. The higher amount of absorbed bases in the soil absorbing complex (SAC) before irrigation, the lower salinity of irrigation water and longer term of irrigation, the more significant reduction in the number of absorbed bases and the lower the buffer capacity of irrigated soils are.

It was also made an attempt to map the distribution over time of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of research in the anthropogenic natural and technical systems of the South of Ukraine. At the pre-cartographic stage, the sampling of scales and the calculation of characterizing elements of figures or other visual means were made, which are appropriate to be used in the process of displaying and understanding the content and spatial features of the mapping objects. For this purpose, an analysis of statistical series is carried out and the histograms of the distribution of numerical values in the row are constructed in various intervals of the scale.

Keywords:
soil absorbing complex, absorbed cations, the degree of alkalinity, duration of irrigation, irrigation water quality, database, mathematical modelling, correlations, empirical equation.

Language:
Ukrainian

DOI: http://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2017.68.3

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Suggested citation:
Lozovitskii P., Molochko A. (2017) Regularities of degree of soil secondary alkalinity of anthropogenic natural-technical systems Southern Ukraine. Visnyk Kyivskogo nacionalnogo universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka GEOGRAFIYA [Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Geography], 3-4 (68-69), 18-25 (in Ukrainian, abstr. in English).